Fitorreguladores no cultivo in vitro da gabirobeira (Campomanesia spp.) e baruzeiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.)

Abstract

The gabirobeira (Campomanesia spp.) and the baruzeiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.) are fruit trees native to the Brazilian Cerrado, both present great potential due to the value of their fruits as food and their multiple possibilities of usage. Tissue cultures can collaborate not only on cultivation, but also on the preservation of these species. Thereby, experiments with different growth regulators on in vitro cultivation of both fruit trees were performed in this work. In the experiment performed on the gabirobeira, three polyamines (spermine, spermidine and putrescine) in two concentrations (0.5 and 1.0 mg L-1) – designated to in vitro multiplication of the gabirobeira – were tested using nodal segments from plants established in vitro as explants. The results showed that polyamines were not efficient for the development of the gabirobeira explants. However, nodal segment subculturing can work as a method for in vitro multiplication of the gabirobeira. Furthermore, in the studies related to the baruzeiro, experiments were performed comparing the action of seven growth regulators (spermine, spermidine, putrescine, 2iP, kinetin, zeatin and BAP) and the combination of doses of BAP and NAA on in vitro multiplication of the baruzeiro, in which two types of explants were used: seeds and nodal segments from plants established in vitro. For seeds, zeatin was the growth regulator that provided the generation of the greatest number of shoots, whereas the variation of BAP doses and the use of NAA were not effective for in vitro multiplication. When nodal segments were used as explants, spermine was the growth regulator to single-handedly provide the highest rate of shoot formation per explant, whereas the combination of 0.5 mg L-1 of NAA and 12 mg L-1 of BAP revealed itself to be the most promising for the shoot induction in nodal segments from the baruzeiro. Therefore, the mentioned data are important to in vitro multiplication of the gabirobeira and the baruzeiro, and it can also support future research concerning the subject.