Comunidades campesinas ameaçadas: riscos à vida e novas ruralidades na Vila Coqueiros a partir do avanço da cana-de-açúcar

Abstract

The action of agribusiness on the territory, such as that of the sugarcane sector, must be understood by actions and processes of conflict of the agents involved on the one hand by the capital and the other by the communities and farmers residing in the areas of interest. This process creates territorial structures that are temporarily defined, but, on the other hand, in a constant process of (re-des) territorialization. Thinking about this aspect, there is a need to understand one of these scenarios, which is the peasant community of Vila dos Coqueiros, in Itapagipe, Minas Gerais, as a place of transformation that has changed in ways that create risks to production, life and work. Thus, the objective of this study is to understand the dynamics and resistance strategies of farmers and community dwellers, observing their ways of coping with the ways of life instituted by the Large Projects of Sugarcane Investments. Methodologically, the study is based on debates and reviews on the subject, as well as reflexive orientations of the realities (re) created by the advance of investment projects in peasant communities. The research strategy is the case study, through the development of the monographic / ethnographic method, with the level that we propose being of descriptive and explanatory researches with primary data collection, through semi-structured and non- structured interview scripts. Structured according to constructed sample groups, as well as visual observations. Concurrent process with secondary data collection in the database of representative institutions thematic. The bibliographic references are based on diverse and varied groups of authors and scholars related to the theme, whose analyzes and arguments often differ from one another, but that triggered the theoretical construction and reflective panorama in the development of the thesis. In the course of the thesis, we present an analysis of the ruralities and urbanities in the community, highlighting their historical aspects that influence their manifestations of the rural, as well as evaluating the sugarcane dynamics in the region since its historical processes as effective and materialized today. We evaluated the effects and threats to the peasant community under study, presenting the risks that this is, and analyzing and specifying the transformations and resistances of peasants, materialized by resilience. Expected by the study to collaborate with the knowledge of the subject besides to build a material that makes possible to understand internal and external aspects that structure the peasant communities in the production, in the work and in the life of these subjects in front of the expansion of the sugarcane capital.