Avaliação da saúde bucal e sua correlação com fatores sistêmicos e cognitivos em crianças sob assistência domiciliar

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral health status in pediatric patients (0 to 14 years, n = 43) treated by the In-Home Care Service at Federal University of Uberlândia and to correlate it with systemic and cognitive factors. The Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, an oral clinical examination and a functional assessment (WeeFIM index) were performed. In addition, a questionnaire containing data about systemic conditions, use of medications and oral hygiene habits was applied. The Spearman Correlation and the Contingency Index were used to verify possible associations between the variables (p <0.05). It was observed that 81.4% of the patients presented total dependency level and 58.1% presented regular or poor oral hygiene. The most frequent oral problems were gingival hyperplasia (46.5%), calculus (46.5%) and gingivitis (30.2%). The use of anticonvulsants, feeding type, gastric alteration, ventilation type, functional dependence and diet were factors that presented moderate association with calculus, gingivitis or hyperplasia (p <0.05). It was concluded that bedridden pediatric patients presented high frequency of oral health problems and systemic and cognitive factors are associated with the occurrence of gingivitis, gingival calculus and hyperplasia.