Acidentes de trabalho com exposição a material biológico: análise epidemiológica e percepção das vítimas, em Uberlândia - MG

Abstract

He changes in the labor market and the technological advances observed in the last decades of the twentieth century had a significant impact on the increase in the number of occupational accidents. One of the most significant risks for health professionals is exposure to biological material. Considering this reality, the present study had as objective to identify the epidemiology of work accidents with exposure to biological material, occurred and reported in the Municipality of Uberlândia in 2015, and to analyze the perception of the professionals victims of this aggravation. The research had quantitative-qualitative methodology and was carried out in two phases. The first step, with a quantitative approach, was made through a statistical study of the 412 records of notification of accidents with biological material registered in the Information System of Notifiable Diseases in the year 2015. The second stage was made from the analysis of semi-structured questionnaires, Applied to 110 victims of biological accidents, aiming, in this way, to identify detailed aspects of the accidents, as well as the professionals' perception of the causes that lead to their occurrence. It was concluded that these events were more prevalent among nursing technicians, female, with the perforating instruments being the main material agents involved and blood the main organic substance related to the occurrences. Regarding the professionals' perception, it was observed that tiredness, lack of attention and non-use of protective equipment were listed as predisposing factors for occupational exposure to biological materials. Thus, there is a need to redefine strategies within the scope of public and institutional policies, mainly actions aimed at raising the awareness and qualification of health professionals, including those who support hospitals and health centers in general, with a view to reducing Occurrence of these accidents.