Efeito da oxigenação hiperbárica no processo de reparo ósseo e na quantidade de mastócitos em ratos diabéticos

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to changes in insulin secretion and / or action. Chronic hyperglycemia compromises bone metabolism, structure, and repair. The present study evaluated the effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen therapy (HO) in bone repair and in the mast cells amount in diabetic rats femur. Thirty-two animals were divided into four groups (n=8): Control (C); Control + HO (CH); Diabetes (D) and Diabetes + HO (DH). In D and DH groups, DM was induced by intravenous injection of streptozotocin. Thirty days later, it was performed bone defect in the femurs and the CH and DH groups were submitted to HO daily. After 7 days, the animals were sacrificed, the femurs were removed, demineralized and paraffin embedded. The histological sections obtained were stained in Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Mallory's Trichrome (TM) and toluidine blue (AT). At HE, it were used 144 points grid to quantify (percentage): bone matrix, blood clot, granulation tissue and blood vessels. At TM, it was quantified the total bone matrix neoformed percentage, using binary images. The mast cells were quantified at AT stain. Histological analysis showed in the D group more blood clot and granulation tissue; and less blood vessels and bone matrix compared to the other groups. The OH groups (CH and DH) showed less blood clot and granulation tissue; and more blood vessels and bone matrix when compared to groups without OH. The CH group showed more mast cells than the other groups.This study showed that hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves bone repair in diabetic animals and increases the mast cells amount in normoglycemic animals.