Hiperidricidade, luz e reguladores de crescimento no cultivo in vitro de manjericão (Ocimum basilicum L.)

Abstract

Basil, which belongs to the Family Lamiaceae, is part of a group of medicinal and aromatic plants of great economic value, due to the quality of the essential oil it produces. The use of micropropagation techniques in aromatic and medicinal plants enables their large scale production. Due to of the medicinal and economic importance of basil, the objective of the present study was to analyzed vitro culture of Ocimum basilicum L. cv Maria Bonita using different sources of luminosity,growth regulators and culture medium concentrations. The experiments were carried out at the Biotechnology laboratory of the Federal University of Uberlandia-MG. First, a scale was developed to evaluate the degree of hyperhydricity of basil seedlings cultured in vitro.During the first experiment, five growth regulators such as 6-benzilaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (KIN), spermidine, spermine, putrescine and two sources of luminosity (white fluorescent lamps and Growlux lamps) were evaluated. The results obtained showed the Growlux lamps to be more promising for in vitro culture of basil. Regarding growth regulators, kinetin and putrescine proved to be more efficient for species multiplication. During the second experiment, MS medium concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100%) and different LED lamp colors (red, green and blue) were assessed, as well as white fluorescent lamps. By means of the obtained results, it was concluded that the MS medium at 100% induced a greater quantity of hyperhydric seedlings, and the white fluorescent lamps, together with lower concentrations of salts, provided optimal development of basil seedlings.The conclusions collected in the present study were based on the evaluation of aerial portion length (CPA -> APL), root length (CR -> RL), number of roots (NR), fresh mass (MF -> FM), dry mass (MS -> DM), water content (TA -> WC), percentage of hyperhydricity (%H), degree of hyperhydricity (GH -> DH) and total chlorophyll indices (CT -> TCI).