Determinação simultânea de propifenazona, paracetamol e cafeína utilizando eletrodo de diamante dopado com boro

Abstract

In this work we investigated the development of new analytical procedures for simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PAR), propyphenazone (PRO) and caffeine (CAF) in pharmaceutical formulations. Three methods was developed using of Square wave voltammetry (SWV), multiple pulse amperometry (MPA) and boron doped diamond (BDD) with work electrode. Employing SWV, two analysis strategies were developed (I) Use of a conventional electrochemical cell (stationary mode) and the standard addition method; (II) use of batch injection analysis with detection by square wave voltammetry (BIA-SWV) and external calibration method. The proposed methods were developed using H2SO4 0.1 mol L-1 as supporting electrolyte and optimized parameters of the SWV: Conditioning potential: -1.5 V during 20 s; frequency: 60 s-1; amplitude: 50 mV and step potential: 4 mV. In the proposed method using BIA-SWV, volume and speed of optimized injection were 100 μL e 28 μL s-1, respectively. On the third method proposed for simultaneous determination of the PAR, PRO and CAF, the batch injection analysis procedure with multiple pulse amperometry detection (BIA-MPA) was employed. Three potentials pulses were selected for the analysis: +0.90 V/50 ms: only PAR was oxidized without the interference of the other two compounds; +1.20 V/50 ms: oxidation PAR and PRO without the interference of the CAF; +1.60 V/50 ms: oxidation of the three compounds (PAR, PRO and CAF). The selectivity in the detection of PRO and CAF was obtained by subtracting currents between the amperograms acquired in the selected potentials and the use of correction factors (CFs). All developed analysis procedures remained stable (RSD < 4.1%) and linear (r > 0.997). The method using a conventional electrochemical cell showed an analytical frequency of 20 analysis h-1 and limits of detection of 0.005, 0.009, and 0.006 mg L-1 for PAR, PRO, and CAF, respectively. The BIA-SWV and BIA-MPA methods presented higher analytical frequency: 80 and 75 analysis h-1, respectively. The limits of detection were 0.3, 0.2, and 0.3 mg L-1 (BIA-SWV) and 0.2, 0.3, and 0.1 mg L-1 (BIA-MPA) for PAR, PRO and CAF, respectively.