Uso de água residuária de suinocultura em sistema agroflorestal

Abstract

The need for a proper disposal of pig manure, or invest in forms of treatment, storage, transport and disposal so that the compound does not contaminate the environment. In comparative terms, the pollution potential of pig manure is far superior to other types of organic waste, moreover it shows a quantitative and qualitative change in time and space, which depends on several aspects such as pigs mature, method of cleaning the premises, type of feed used for food. Thus, there is no need to seek a more sustainable model for use in agricultural activities to reduce expenses and increase productivity, being a viable alternative for small and large producers. The implementation of silvopastoral systems, a sustainable model, is already showing improvements to the ground, resulting in the medium and long term, the cycling of nutrients, caused by the absorption of these elements by the roots of trees, deeper layers of the soil and subsequent deposition in the topsoil of these nutrients, the decomposition of leaves, roots etc. Silvipastoral systems have also the capacity to use water from deeper soil layers, which would normally be lost in traditional pasture systems. The optimal dose for using pig manure on crops depends on several factors such as concentrate of minerals in the manure, climatic and soil aspects and requirements of the crops, however many authors overlook some important variables such as soil factor, requiring a study that shows the behavior of organic waste in different soil types, observing the chemical and biological physical characterizations. There is also a great need of information related to wastewater doses of swine (ARS) applied in a long period, and the time needed to enhance soil fertility without causing contamination of soil and groundwater.