Geoestatística aplicada à gestão ambiental da fertilidade e de fitonematoides na cafeicultura do cerrado

Abstract

The geostatistical contributes to greater efficiency in the application of fertilizers and pesticides in coffee growing, achieving, with the aid of this technique, to work the specific need of soil attributes on the property. It also allows accurately describe spatial distribution of chemical properties and biological properties of the soil, as for example, nematodes. The objective of the study was to verify the spatial dependence and elaborate geostatistical models that provide the efficient use of lime, fertilizers, nematicides in coffee growing, in order to aid in the preservation of natural resources, thus contributing to sustainable coffee farming. We attempted to also relate to the population of nematodes in soil fertility levels. The experiment was performed in a coffee plantation in the municipality of Araguari-MG Mineiro Triangle region, the farm has 65 hectares of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.), using a mesh of one point per hectare, totaling 65 points. Were analyzed: pH, macronutrients, soil organic matter (SOM), micronutrients and nematode. In the results it was verified that the geostatistical models were appropriate to describe the chemical soil properties and plant parasitic nematodes except for SOM and manganese, which were described by classical statistics. In the study became clear that advantage for agriculture with the use of geostatistics in relation to conventional farming, both for economic purposes, and for the environment, because when you work on time can make a better management of natural resources, both at the time of application on the property and in a more conscious demand. Was not possible to relate the population of nematodes in soil fertility.