Síntese, caracterização e avaliação da atividade citotóxica de complexos de platina(II) e paládio(II) contendo hidrazonas

Abstract

Platinum compounds, such as cisplatin, oxaloplatin and carboplatin, have been used as chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of various types of cancer. Several other complexes of this metallic ion are also under clinical evaluation. However, the utilization of platinum compounds as antitumor agents is associated with many severe effects and cellular resistance has also been observed. Therefore, many research groups have been working to synthesize new platinum complexes that are more efficient and show fewer undesired effects associated with their use in medicine. Thus in this work, six new complexes of platinum and palladium were isolated with 4- nitrobenzoic hydrazide(4-NH), acid 2-furoic hydrazide(FH) and 2,4- dinitrophenylhydrazine(2,4-DNPH). These complexes were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and the results have shown that the ligands are coordinated to platinum or palladium by the basic nitrogen of NH2 group and have the general formula [M(L)2X2].nH2O where M= Pt2+ or Pd2+, X = Cl- or I- and n = 0 or 1. Infrared Analyses were made in the region of 400 - 4000 cm-1, except the complex with the ligand 2,4 - dinitrophenylhydrazine which began in the range of 200 cm-1. In addition, UV spectroscopy was performed on-visible range of 200-800 nm. The thermal stability of the complexes containing acid 2-furoic hydrazide and 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine was analyzed in the temperature range 25 900 ºC. The antitumor activity of the synthesized compounds has been studied. The compound [Pt(4-NH)2I2], was found to display cytotoxicity (IC50 = 0.96 μmol/L) against K562 tumoral cell line and, when compared to cisplatin, it was five times more active.