Percepção de cultura organizacional em filiais de empresas multinacionais: um estudo comparativo

Abstract

The companie s organizational culture have been studied by many areas such as: Antropology, Sociology and Psychology. The importance of this subject has increased from the eighties and many researches were developed in order to help its understanding and construction of consistant theorical-empirical method. Companie s organizational culture is a system of values and practices shared by the members of a organization and different between them. The theorical references are based in studies of Geert Hofstede, who has studied the employees of IBM s branches in 53 countries and also the GLOBE Project (Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness), managed by Robert House and great team of researchers that studied about leadership s characteristics and organizational culture in 62 countries. This main purpose of this research was to identify the existence of differences in the organizational culture perception among the employees of three multinational companies of the industrial sector established in the Triangulo Mineiro area. These companies original headquarter are Israel, North America-USA and France and the studied sample contemplate the total of 89 workers of different areas in the company. The instruments and tools used to collect the data base were: a personal and professional data base questionnaire, plus a company questionnaire and a Inventory of Organizational Culture Factors (IMEFACO), with 59 items to check 4 factors; Indicator for the Hierarquical Distance (IDH), the level of Individual/Team work (IND), Orientation for the Future (OFUT) and Orientation for Achievement (OREA), validated in Brazil by Dela Coleta & Dela Coleta. The descriptives analysis (frequencies, comparisons between averages and correlations) showed the existence of significant differences in the employees perception related to training opportunities, career development opportunities, salary opportunity and company s working facilities. In fact the multinational north American company was the one who had the best results in the items mentioned above. Regarding the organizational culture factors the results indicated significant different averages in the 4 factors: in IDH the multinational French company presented the lowest average, demonstrating a great difference compared to the results shown in the Hosfstede studies and GLOBE Project. The Israeli company presented low indicators for IDH and this result matched the Hofstede studies and GLOBE Project and from this we reach to a average indicator in this study. The American multinational company was the one that presented the best results in IDH. In IND the Israeli company presented the highest averages, the French company presented the lowest average. In OFUT and OREA the French company presented the highest averages, and compared to the French company, the north American and Israeli companies presented lower averages. These results are quite different from the ones presented by Hofstede studies and GLOBE Project.