Influência do tipo de conexão no torque de desaperto de parafusos e pilares em próteses sobre implantes convencionais e zigomáticos

Abstract

In cases of upper edentulous patients with atroffic maxilla, the zigomatic implant is one of the techniques used for rehabilitation with implanted fixed prosthesis. The screw s loosening is one of the main problems related to this type of prosthesis. The aim of this work was to evaluate the golden and abutments screws loosening in fixed prosthesis over two conventional implants and two zigomatic implants before and after fatigue test. Five samples with external hexagonal junctions (HE) and five with internal conical junctions (CM) had been used. Each specimen with two anterior conventional implants and two distal zigomatic implants. The respective abutments had been installed on the implants and metallic structures of screwed fixed prosthesis had been casted. The specimens had been submitted to four fatigue protocols with different load levels in cantilever and different number of cycles. Untorque values of retaining and abutment screws had been verified before and after each cyclic loading with a digital torquemeter. The prosthetic screws had had reduction in the untorques values when compared with the iniitial torques, but there was no difference between the two interfaces in study. The untorque values of the HE abutments screws after all cycles, had a reduction in 51,56% of the cases. 60,6% f these in zigomatic implants and 39,4% in conventional implants. The screws of the CM abutments had untorque loss in 39,58% of the cases. 21,05% had ocurred in zigomatic implants and 78,95% in conventional implants. The variation of junction type does not interfere in the untorque of retention screws of the prosthesis. The mechanical behavior was different when comparing CM and HE abutment screws. In the HE specimens the torque loss was greater in the zigomatic implants whereas in the CM specimens, the absolute untorque values of the zigomatic implants increased after the fatigue test.