Avaliação hídrica da bacia hidrografica do Córrego do Glória, Uberlândia - MG

Abstract

The water is currently the most relevant natural resource on the planet, this fact is due to its multiple uses, which are related to the human consumption, agricultural and industrial activities. Thus it is clear the dependency scenario that society has front to water resources, therefore these are necessary both for survival as for the development of their socio-economic activities. It is known that human activities which consumes and degrades significantly water resources, have contributed to the setting of interdependence between society and those resources that becomes increasingly compromised. Globally there are theorists who argue that the problems related to water resources come from their mismanagement and not of its scarcity (Rogers et al., 2006). However there are those who analyze this issue more comprehensively, putting that the \"water crisis\" is a reflection of a number of problems in the environmental framework which are aggravated due to economic factors and social development (Gleick, 2000 apud Tundisi, 2008). Is in this context, of deterioration caused by the reckless use of water resources in Brazil and in the world, which has raised the interest of understand the dynamics in the basin of Glória stream, located in Uberlândia, through the relation between land use and the quality of the water study s area. Aiming thus establish the current environmental situation of water resources in the study area facing the local environmental scenario currently post. To do this, will be used the application method of Water Quality Index (WQI), to verify the quality levels that are the water of the study basin. To Comitesinos (1990) a WQI expresses in a synthesized way the quality stage of a certain watercourse as a numerical value for a given time and place. This fact makes water quality information be presented to the public with uniformity making them more useful to policy and planning agencies (Almeida & Schwarzbold, 2003). The currently study has used the WQI developed by CETESB (Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo) which one is originated from an adaptation made in the index created by - National Sanitation Foundation. The mapping of use and occupation of land were made using LANDSAT 8 satellite images, worked in ArcGIS 10.1 software. It aimed to select orbited images as close as possible to the quality of the water sample campaign dates in order to enable the relation between them. In the discussion of the results about the quality of water, we tried to analyze them in two different ways, that means, the data were analyzed separately and grouped form in the index constitution. This enabled that better conclusions were drawn, and thus related to land use, fact that contributed to the verification that the uses influenced the quality of water levels of the watershed of Glória.