Avaliação do potencial antiofídico e genotóxico da isohemigossipolona, uma naftoquinona isolada de Pachira aquatica (Aubl.)

Abstract

CHAPTER 2: Medicinal plants are rich sources of bioactive compounds that attract the interest of the pharmaceutical industry. Some extracts and compounds isolated from plants have proven activity against snake venoms. The naphthoquinones are used to treat various diseases. This study aimed to evaluate whether the naphthoquinone isolated from the outer bark of Pachira aquatica (ISO), is able to counteract the damage caused by the venom of Bothrops (Bohtropoides) pauloensis and a metalloprotease (BthMP) isolated from Bothrops moojeni. Phospholipase A2 activity, coagulant, fibrinogenolytic, hemorrhagic, myotoxic and anticoagulant (measured by prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and quantification of plasma fibrinogen) induced by the venom of Bothrops (Bothropoides) pauloensis were significantly inhibited when the naphthoquinone ISO was preincubated with the venom. The inhibition was observed when ISO was applied by the same route, 15 minutes after administration of venom or toxin. In conclusion, our results show that the isolated naphthoquinone Pachira aquatica inhibited local and systemic damage caused by proteolytic enzymes from snake venoms. CHAPTER 3: The use of plants as medicines are common in our society. Some compounds present in plants are very concerned by farmacêuitica industry, among them we can highlight the quinones. Quinones are known for their high pharmacological potential primarily as models for antitumor drugs. These molecules are known to promote oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species, may cause genotoxicity in organisms that use it. The doxorubicin hydrochloride (DXR) is a drug used in treatment of some cancers. This substance is highly toxic due to different mechanisms of action, may cause irreparable damage to healthy cells and tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a isohemigossipolone isolated from Pachira aquatica (ISO) shows genotoxicity in the wing cells of Drosophila melanogaster. To evaluate the genotoxic potential induced by ISO was used to test the Deteccção of Somatic Mutation and recombination (SMART). The ISO was tested at different concentrations (0.25, 0.5 and 1, 0 mg / ml) with no genotoxicity when compared with positive controls (DXR) and negative (ultrapure water). Our results show that ISO naphthoquinone isolated from Pachira aquatica showed no genotoxic potential.