Dos paradoxos da constituição do sujeito e das tentativas de saber-fazer com a língua: a amarração sinthomática nas vias de um autismo

Abstract

In this thesis, we address some issues on the paradoxes of subject\'s constitution and its relation with language having in mind Jacques Lacan s psychoanalysis and structural linguistics by Ferdinand de Saussure. From this author we consider the signifier and its role in the language structure distinction. From Psychoanalysis we consider some concepts such as instinct, Real, Symbolic and Imaginary; the Sinthome as a possibility for the subject in constitution, repetition and lalangue. We start with subjective impasses established in the course of structural constitution of a child who is experiencing a process of an autistic resolution, during his psychoanalytic treatment. Thus, this thesis aims at answering: What is the meaning of an insistent child language during a talk that would not allow her to communicate? What function does this language have? Our hypothesis is that the child takes language as an attempt to know-how with his symptom giving it a status of Sinthome; a sinthomatic thread as a mode of response coming from the subject facing the establishment of the imperative Real. But our main objective is to discuss the relations between language and subject constitution and its effects on Linguistic Studies. Our specific foci are: sustaining assumption of a constituting subject during its childhood; and describing distinctive function of signifying articulation in a child language, showing that this operation has the effect of social ties; considering the position of Otherness in language as paramount within this process as well as ratifying the child is not at all subject to that Otherness. Thus, we assume the child is constituted as a subject of sustained unconscious through sinthomatic threads occurring because of structuring element and because of psychoanalytical clinic treatment is given through the singularity of the child. The methodological choices are grounded on the proposition of a science that causes the inconsistency and incompleteness. In this science perspective, which begins from enunciative narratives and language occurrences within psychoanalytical clinics with children, a linguistic data is always a not-all that enables a shift. That is to say, this not-all linguistic data is what escapes from the recorded sessions; it seems to be inaudible to the recorder. We highlight that the functioning of the language to a child, in the process of a possible autism, created possibilities for the child to enter in the language field. Although the child could not communicate as expected, it seems to be a structural way to some possible social ties.