Modelagem e posicionamento de para-raios em redes subterrâneas de parques eólicos conectadas a redes aéreas utilizando o ATP

Abstract

The main objective of this work is to analyze the protection against the occurrence of overvoltages in a wind system connected to the overhead network. Several discussions that deserve merit arise at this scenario. The first point is the literature on the characteristics and methods of application of the surge arrester. Once done, the useful features and an implementation method for this protection can be defined. The second point is regards to the modeling of the arrester. Since this is a problem of electromagnetic transient, the simulation will be realized in a software developed at time domain, the chosen interface is the ATPDraw, from ATP. The model of the arrester must include dynamic behavior for rapid surge. This definition already takes into account that the greatest possible overvoltage that occurs on a system arises from a direct lightning stroke. The third point is concerned to the modeling of the remaining system equipments which must conform to the simulation of lightning. To get the correct model for arresters, firstly it must be defined what type of non-linear branch to be used within existing ATP models. Then, the correct values that define the operation of the arrester has to be found. This is accomplished through the use of a model varying with frequency. The main models are compared to decide the most suitable for the operation. After the model was defined, a base case is simulated to apply the appropriate arrester model for fast surges. Protection is correctly allocated to ensure an adequate overvoltage for the system equipment, cables, transformers and generators. Finally, the key points of the work are described and highlighted the contributions and the interesting aspects for future works.