Olhares psicopedagógicos: desvendando concepções de aprendizagens de crianças, mães e professores da educação infantil da Eseba, em Uberlândia, Minas Gerais

Abstract

The investigation subject, conceptions on learning) originated from identified current ideas along our personal and professional trajectory in Early Childhood Education schools. By this search we aim to investigate learning conceptions of children, parents and teachers of Early Childhood Education and first year of Basic school. We aim also to identify the learning conceptions in National Curriculum Guidelines for Early Childhood Education- NCGECE (2010) and their probable implications to the conceptions of the children, their parents and teachers in a federal public school in Uberlândia-MG, Brazil, named ESEBA1. The study was structured based on qualitative approach and case study. We used Focus Group and document analysis as research instruments. The focus group allowed us to hear and to observe interactions between the participants in order to know their conceptions on learning in Early Childhood Education. We applied psychopedagogical diagnosis technique, named as educative pair as a point of departure in the study. We carried out a general interpretation on drawings, with psychopedagogical look and listening, so that we could achieve the research goals. Analyzing the NCGECE (2010) gave us clues to understand the guidelines of the current policies for Early Childhood Education. Methodological trajectory guided our look to organize data in thematic categories and subcategories. The first one, named as Learning is interacting by means of a mediator, we tried to specify the role of a mediator teacher in the children s development and learning. The second one, called Learning is living with different contexts and space, we studied the learning conceptions in different contexts, spaces and scenarios in school. The third category, Learning is experiencing and sharing experiences with family and school, we express the distinct experiences in school, the interaction to the families and teachers. The fourth category, Learn in kindergarten and first year of elementary school: isolated steps or process?, the complexity of the data triggered the organization of three thematic subcategories, named with extracts of the participants: in the first one, named as Did you know that my mum is teaching me to read and write? , we discuss the anticipation of learning processes in Early Education, due to social and politic pressure and expectations. In the second one, called Playtime is over. Now you\'ll have to study!, we expose the dichotomy between playing and studying. And in the last subcategory, The multiple languages that we are all connected to, we present ideas for the distinct forms of learning. However, we point out that the conceptions on learning are permeated with images and concepts originating from both the traditional and the interactionist paradigm. Both paradigms constitute the ideas and actions of each one, from the interactions to each other and to the knowledge objects. There is not a homogeneous and linear conception on what learning is. The conceptions are not static, but they are modified along lifetime according to the form of interacting to the world. There is not a right paradigm or a wrong one. There are conjectures on the need of dialogue, exchanging knowledge by means of the continuous formation of the families and teachers.