O grupo escolar Honorato Borges em Patrocínio Minas Gerais (1912 -1930) : ensaios de uma organização do ensino público primário

Abstract

The present paper refers to a carried out investigation about the History of School Institutions and it s related to the creation, introduction and organization of Honorato Borges Elementary School, located in the city of Patrocínio M.G.. This elementary school is considered the first of the official chain introduced in the city. The timing approach used in the development of the research reaches the creation of the elementary school, occurred in 1912 and up to 1930, when the current building is concluded. The investigation was developed through the following problem: the implications concerning the public learning in Patrocínio city and the creation of Honorato Borges Elementary School ,by the members of rural oligarchy from Patrocínio, connected to the process of schooling promoted in Minas Gerais along the First Republic (1889- 1930). The elaborated hypothesis consists in the fact that the process of Patrocínio schooling through the creation of a primary school belonging to the official learning net, presents like direct expression of a trial of modernizing the learning influenced by the republican and positivist ideals of education. The present research had as a general objective to comprehend the historical factors related to the creation of Honorato Borges Elementary School, as well as its purpose as school institution in the historical context of the city. Besides this, it also has as an objective to apprehend the elements of theorizations about social representations linked to the History of the School Institutions, investigating the speficities related to the foundation and organization of Honorato Borges Elementary School, influencing institution in the social universe of Patrocínio, besides the rescue of elements from its history. In terms of methodology, the first procedures consist in a survey and treatment of general bibliography belonging to the History and Historiography of and foreign education. It was also made a survey of historical materials, in a sense of grounding evidences linked to the history of the Elementary School, as well as through the local press, which given speeches referring to political, social and economic matters, serve as basis for the comprehension of ideals and models. On the other hand, evidences connected to the Oral History were also searched, but only as an acessorial methodology. This way, the elementary school is created around a republican liberal and positivist project, in the trial of the democratization of learning, as well as the structural modernization of Minas Gerais state and the country. What s more, the rural oligarchy from Patrocínio, in charge of the city executive power, also worried in providing conditions to the necessary elementary school formation for the members of Patrocínio s families. Besides supplying the basic formation for the professional practice in some segments of economic production and the burocracy in public departments, it gave conditions to the sequence of studies in other levels of schooling too. Therefore, the basic concern of the present paper was to develop an investigation in the meaning of getting and rescuing the history of an important school institution for the city of Patrocínio and Alto Paranaíba region too, as well as for the very state. Thus, a part of the school institutions history was reconstructed, mainly the one which refers to the Elementary Schools in general, and specifically, the Honorato Borges Elementary School, turned to the modernization and schooling process.