O Processo de ensinar-aprender no cotidiano de uma escola organizada em ciclos

Abstract

The organization of the Elementary School in learning cycles is a new school reality and also a new study problem. The present work has the objective to analyze and understand the process of teaching-learning in the daily life of a school that is organized in learning cycles. Our questions were the following: What is a system of learning cycles? According to the current proposal of implantation of a system of learning cycles, what has to be changed in the schools? How do teachers deal with that proposal in the classroom? How is the teachers' training approached in that proposal? With the adoption of a system of cycles in what measure the teachers have re-defined their visions and educational practices, especially in what concerns the students' non-learning? Trying to answer those questions, we accomplished a comprehensive documental and bibliographical investigation on how the ideas related to the cycles were consolidated during the educational debate, especially, in the Sistema Mineiro de Educação . We also accomplished a field research, in a public elementary school in Uberlândia-MG, participating of the daily life of a classroom of the 3rd grade during one school year. We understood and interpreted the movements of the classroom, their meanings and senses associated with the school culture. We verified that although evasion rates and reproof have decreased with the implantation of the learning cycles, non-learning is being configured in the daily life of the classroom in the cycled school. That constitutes students that don't learn and teachers that don't get to teach. Non-teaching and non-learning become more significant results of the institution whose declared objective is to teach and to educate. Considering our observations and the reports and interviews with the professionals, it is possible to affirm that the school develops actions in a very different way from the one presented in the proposal of cycles of the State of Minas Gerais official documents. Our study reveals that some conceptions and the teacher's own training stay untouchable in the school of cycles. The situation of the students non-learning, that is, the absence of a deepened understanding of reading and writing and an effective exercise of that knowledge, is an example. We verified that the elaboration of ordinances and publishing of resolutions are not enough, if changes are to be made. We believe that they should begin in the school daily life, taking into consideration what the teachers and the students think and how they live in the school context.