Glutamina, ácido glutâmico e ou extrato de levedura na dieta de leitoes desmamados

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the supplementation of different sources of protein concentrates, glutamine, acid glutamic and or yeast extract in diets of piglets from 26 to 44 days of age. At 22nd day of age, weaning day, 210 piglets, females and castrated males, crossbred of Landrace, Large White and Duroc races, with 6,79 kg average weight, had been classified in three groups according to weight. Until 25th day of age, all them received the same feed, without inclusion of yeast extract and/or glutamine e glutamic acid. In 26th day of age (zero day), the supply of the experimental diets was initiated as: T1: Pre-initial feed with yeast extract, gutamine and glutamic acid; T2: Preinitial feed with yeast extract; T3: Pre-initial feed with glutamine and glutamic acid. The amounts of additives were indicated by the manufacturers. The additives tested, yeast extract and glutamine e glutamic acid, were enclosed considering their nutritional profile. The experimental diets (Pre-initial I and Preinitial II) were constituted of maize pre-stew (or gelatinized), soybean meal, sugar, milk supplements, organics acids, soybean oil, vitamin-minerals mixtures and other additives. During all the period of the test, the feed intake was measured by pen. It was evaluated, in each period, average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily weight gain (ADWG), feed conversion (FC), of protein utilization efficiency rate (PUE) and energy utilization efficiency rate (EUE) of each class of weight and treatment. Blood samples of three piglets from each pen at the end of supply of experimental diets (44 days of age) were collected to carry out hemogram and biochemist analyses (glucose, urea, creatinine, serum total proteins and albumin). The values of globulins had been calculated by the difference between serum total proteins and albumin concentrations. The relation albumin: globulin (A/G) was gotten by estimative, dividing albumin concentration by globulin concentration. In each pen, organs (spleen, stomach, liver, pancreas, kidneys, and intestine) were collected from one piglet, which live weight was next to average of group. Fragments of duodenum, jejune and ileum had been fixed to measure histomorphometric characteristics as: height of the villosities (HVILOS), depth of crypts (DCRIP), to estimate relation HVILOS/DCRIP, villosities and crypts width to calculate M value, which represents how many times intestinal mucosal surface was higher. Gotten data have been submitted to procedures of statistics program SISVAR. In statistics analysis, averages had been compared by Tukey test, at 5% of probability. For M value, data were submitted to Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to confirm normal distribution; after that, variance analisys was taken, and test t was applied in pairs of traits. Analysis of variance in randomized complete block designwas used, considering three treatments and three blocks (categories of weight). The yeast extract and or glutamina and acid glutamic use in diets of weaned pigs made possible the similar performance and physiological results between the treatments. The surface of intestinal absorption in the duodenum was bigger in the treatments contends yeast extract.