Análise espaço-temporal das variáveis de custos da cultura do café arábica nas principais regiões produtoras do país

Abstract

Cost variables in coffee culture ought to be analyzed and controlled; in order the producer aims a satisfactory profitability. This culture is influenced by several incontrollable factors such as physiologic and environmental aspects, culture tract and market. However, there are some factors that the undertaker may control such the production resources allocation. In this context, this study aimed to investigate the differences between the Arabic coffee culture cost variables from 2003 and 2009, temporal perspective and, within the spatial perspective, to analyze the variations in some cities in the main producer regions in Brazil, as well between different regions. It was a quantitative and descriptive search. Data were collected by documental search. Analysis tools were Variance Analysis and Scott and Knot test (1974). The results show that Luís Eduardo Magalhães is a city that shows costs over the average of other cities. However, according to CONAB data, the semi-dense cultivation is employed in coffee plantations with 100% of irrigation as well an elevated technological pattern is used. These factors may justify the high costs of coffee plantation.Oh the other hand, it was verified a high productivity near to 50 bags per hectare and the other cities shoed an average of 23- 30 bags per hectare. Nevertheless, the cost items for the other cities and have a variation so not as pronounced as it occurs in Luís Eduardo Magalhães. The variables that most impacted the amount of an Arabic coffee plantation costs are: temporary and fixed labor, near to 32%; fertilizers and pesticides, near to 30% of costs. In temporal analysis, it because one used average costs in the main Brazilian Arabic coffee producer cities.