Educação, Escola Unitária e transformação social

Abstract

This monograph, presented in the History course at the Federal University of Uberlândia, results from research aiming to understand, through Marxist perspectives, the historical function of schools, from their origins in human labor to their evolution over the years. The main objective is to critically assess the school within the context of the capitalist system, arguing that it significantly contributes to the precariousness of education, especially for the most disadvantaged strata of society. The methodology employed consisted of a literature review on the history of education and some related Marxist theories. The research examines the proposal of a "Unitary School," as articulated by Gramsci, contextualizing it within the educational debate. It is concluded that education is intrinsically related to economic and social structures, being shaped by production relations. As long as the capitalist system prevails, significant changes in the quality and emancipatory nature of education are unlikely to occur.