Necrogovernança corporativa e paisagens regionais de violação de direitos humanos: produção de crimes corporativos e possibilidades de resistência

Abstract

Human rights violations are recurrent in contemporary society. In many cases, these violations stem from crimes committed by and within transnational corporations, often in their symbiotic relationships with states. Considering the significant threat of corporate crimes committed by corporations and states against the maintenance and reproduction of life, and the growing trivi-alization and normalization of death, we seek to explore how states and corporations, in their intertwined and everyday relationships, articulate the conditions that enable the materialization of corporate crimes that violate human rights. This partly explains the lack of significant pro-gress toward corporate accountability for human rights violations. As a topic still underexplored in organizational studies research, this thesis, from a postcolonialist perspective, conducts a multidisciplinary discussion on state-corporate crimes and human rights violations, seeking to connect the topic with the field of organizational studies to broaden our understanding of the phenomenon. Our objective is to understand the role of the State in corporate crimes that violate human rights and their normalization in the Brazilian regional context, from an alternative pers-pective that advances the current literature on the topic. To this end, we adopted a qualitative, interpretative, critical, and postcolonial approach, with a method based on documentary rese-arch and abductive analysis. The empirical corpus comprised a diverse set of documentary sour-ces, selected to analyze two emblematic realities in Brazil: the Braskem disaster in Maceió, Alagoas, and the continued extraction of asbestos by SAMA S.A. in Minaçu, Goiás, despite the substance being banned in Brazil as of 2017. This selection aimed to capture the narrative dis-putes, legitimization mechanisms, and silencing strategies present in different spheres and con-texts. The results indicate that, in both regional contexts, the State actively contributed to nor-mative, political, and symbolic arrangements that sustained criminal corporate operations. As a theoretical contribution, the research presents the notion of landscapes of violation and death as a materialization of governance gaps and a metaphor that denounces the concrete effects of necrogovernance, which promotes profit through the strategic production of vulnerability and the selective management of life and death in territories and bodies historically marked by racial and social inequality.