Condições espectral e de Palais-Smale para injetividade global de difeomorfismos locais em R2

Abstract

In this work we consider two sufficient conditions for the global injectivity of local diffeomorphisms X : R2 → R2 of class C1. The first is based on the spectrum of X, in this case it is enough to consider X differentiable, and the second is known as Palais-Smale Condition. In fact, these conditions ensure the triviality of the foliations in R2 induced by the coordinated functions of X and this guarantees the global injectivity of the map X. Besides discussing the proofs of this results, we exhibit a collection of examples showing that such conditions provide different classes of globally injective maps.