Sistema inteligente para monitoramento de fertilidade do solo em tempo real

Abstract

Producing in greater quantities, in less space, and without degrading the environment has been a challenge for farmers and researchers. The use of soil without proper care can cause various problems, such as erosion, soil infertility, and even the contamination of watersheds through the excessive use of fertilizers. In this context, applications of technologies related to the Internet of Things (IoT) emerge as candidates to increase efficiency. This study aimed to develop a real-time soil monitoring system capable of monitoring the concentrations of phosphorus, and potassium, as well as temperature, conductivity, and moisture, using an NPK sensor and an ESP32 microcontroller with integrated LoRa. As a result, this study presents a system capable of collecting data on the farm, transferring it to a database, and presenting it through charts, maps, and tables accessible via a web browser. Furthermore, a preliminary LoRa coverage test was conducted. A detailed analysis of the sensor used was also presented. Therefore, this work is expected to make a significant contribution by laying the groundwork for a soil fertility monitoring system and, consequently, for the implementation of Agriculture 4.0.