Impacto da depressão na artrite psiriásica: um estudo transversal em pacientes brasileiros

Abstract

Introduction: Psoriatic disease is characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations and overlap with several comorbidities, including depression, which negatively affects clinical outcomes in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). There remains a paucity of data on the impact of depression in PsA, particularly in the Brazilian population. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of depression in a group of Brazilian patients with PsA, its associations, and its impact on disease-related parameters and patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Methods: This cross-sectional study consecutively included 160 patients with PsA treated at six rheumatology centers. A diagnosis of depression was considered when made by a psychiatrist or a family and community physician. Patients with PsA were divided into two groups: with and without depression. Associations between depression and demographic, clinical, laboratory characteristics, and PROs in PsA were analyzed. The Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI) was used to assess functional status; the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) were used to assess quality of life; and the Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease (PsAID-12) was used to assess the disease impact from the patient’s perspective. Results: The prevalence of current depression was 19.4%. Depression was significantly and positively associated with female sex, pain, enthesitis, higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels, fibromyalgia, general obesity, and central obesity. Regarding PROs, depression was significantly associated with HAQ- DI, SF-36, DLQI, and PsAID-12. Conclusion: In PsA, depression is common and is associated with worse patient-reported outcomes, leading to greater disability, poorer quality of life, and greater disease impact. These findings reinforce the importance of appropriate recognition and management of this comorbidity in PsA.