Mucormicose rinocerebral: relato de caso clínico

Abstract

Mucormycosis is a rare, invasive, and highly lethal fungal infection caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. This study reports the clinical case of a 65-year-old male, a construction worker with hypertension, who sought medical care presenting with progressive headache, hemifacial paresthesia, and lesions on the palate and nostril. The patient had a history of long-term high-dose corticosteroid use and a recent diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Imaging exams revealed paranasal sinus opacification and bone erosions extending to the right frontal lobe, consistent with a cerebral abscess. The diagnosis of Mucor SPP was confirmed through incisional biopsy for culture. Therapeutic management involved the administration of a cumulative dose of 9300 mg of liposomal Amphotericin B, with rigorous monitoring of renal function, followed by consolidation therapy with Isavuconazole. The clinical outcome was favorable, showing regression of inflammatory signs and regular outpatient follow-up. This case reinforces the imperative need for early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach given the aggressiveness of rhinocerebral mucormycosis.