Equidade no Diagnóstico e Tratamento do Câncer de Mama em Pessoas com Deficiência: Desafios e Perspectivas Para um Atendimento Eficiente

Abstract

This study investigates the barriers that prevent people with disabilities from effectively accessing breast cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment. It analyzes initiatives and public policies aimed at inclusion and proposes means to promote equitable care. To achieve this, it conducts a literature review. The motivation lies in the fact that, although the early diagnosis of breast cancer increases the chances of a cure to over 90%, people with disabilities are subject to poorer health outcomes and unequal access to services, frequently resulting in late diagnoses and higher mortality. The methodology consisted of a qualitative research through a narrative review, with a search strategy across scientific and institutional databases, using specific terms in Portuguese and English, followed by the selection and analysis of pertinent articles published predominantly between 2010 and 2025. The results suggest a complex scenario of multidimensional barriers: structural, communicational, attitudinal, and systemic, which elevate the risk of late diagnosis and less rigorous or excessively invasive treatments for people with disabilities. They also highlight the scarcity of national data that hinders targeted policies, evidence inequality in adherence to screening programs, and point to gaps in the concrete implementation of standards and in professional training. In conclusion, the study indicates that equity requires intersectoral action: adaptation of infrastructure, continuous professional training, active identification and registration of needs in health systems, accessible communication, and the use of assistive technologies for monitoring, scheduling, performing tests and appointments, and medical follow-up. It is also recommended to strengthen local data collection and research to support public policies and the implementation of continuous improvement initiatives in healthcare facilities, aiming to reduce late diagnoses and align practices with international and national guidelines for inclusive health. Overcoming these challenges is imperative not only as a matter of social justice but as a public health necessity to ensure that legally guaranteed rights translate into real access and comprehensive care for the entire population.