População quilombola: uma análise do estado nutricional e da cobertura do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN)

Abstract

Quilombola communities are ethnic groups – predominantly made up of the rural or urban black population – that define themselves based on their specific relationships with the land, kinship, territory, ancestry, traditions and cultural practices of their own. This study aimed to analyze the nutritional status and coverage of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN) of the quilombola population in Brazil in 2022. This is an ecological study, using secondary data in the public domain, from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN), in Brazil in 2022. Nutritional status was assessed by life cycles and by macro-regions of Brazil, considering different anthropometric indicators. The estimates of SISVAN coverage in the different life cycles were obtained considering the proportion of SISVAN records in relation to the total population. 1,350 quilombolas were evaluated in 2022, according to data from SISVAN. The results point to the very low coverage of quilombola peoples by SISVAN (less than 1% in all life cycles and macro regions). Regarding nutritional status, in general, children aged 0 to <10 years and adolescents were mainly eutrophic and adults were overweight/obese. The low coverage evidenced demonstrates an underutilization of the system, which can compromise the creation of effective public policies for the promotion and protection of the health of the quilombola population, through strategies aimed at the nutritional status of the population.