O Renascimento às Avessas do Independentismo: o Pragmatismo Ecumênico Responsável e as contribuições de Golbery do Couto e Silva

Abstract

In this work, the trajectory and foundations of the Independent Foreign Policy are investigated, with an emphasis on constructing an autonomous and strategic stance amid transformations of the international system based on national development. The study aims to understand the historical processes that culminated in the adoption of Responsible Ecumenical Pragmatism, highlighting the influence of paradigm figures such as Golbery do Couto e Silva in the implementation of the doctrine during the Geisel government. The research adopts a historical methodological approach, enabling a brief reconstruction of the trajectory of Brazilian foreign policy from the era of Varguismo, through the period of alignment with the United States of America under the Dutra administration, to the attempt at reaffirming an autonomous and development-oriented stance with Kubitschek and his successors. The results indicate that economic development and the renewal of national identity were key factors in consolidating a military regime policy that, although permeated by challenges and oscillations between alignment and autonomy, still drew from the independentism long pursued by the military. It is concluded that the recovery and deepening of the historical principles that guided the practice of the Independent Foreign Policy foster the expansion of conscience on the country's role in a global context marked by multipolarity and the reconfiguration of international relations. The analysis demonstrates that the recovery of historical principles and the contributions of figures such as San Tiago Dantas and Golbery do Couto e Silva reveal the importance of rethinking the national diplomatic identity in the face of new global configurations, suggesting that the consolidation of an active and responsible foreign policy is indispensable for the preservation and strengthening of the Brazilian State.