Viabilidade técnica e econômica de estações de carregamento rápido para veículos elétricos em universidades

Abstract

This study presents a comparative analysis between the works of Francescatto and Roos (2019) and Dallepiane (2021) regarding the implementation of electric vehicle charging infrastructure in higher education institutions. Francescatto and Roos (2019) adopted an economic-financial approach, using the Equivalent Uniform Annual Cost (EUAC) method to evaluate 60 different scenarios, considering tariff variations and usage patterns. Dallepiane (2021) expanded the scope by incorporating environmental and operational criteria through the Mitigation Cost Index (MCI), which economically quantifies emission reductions. The results indicate that the selection of charging stations must consider multiple factors. While the BOSCH EV800 model showed lower initial costs (EUAC of R$ 92,715.49), the Evlink Parking, with higher investment (EUAC of R$ 164,802.86), demonstrated better long-term performance, with lower cost per kilowatt-hour (R$ 0.73 compared to R$ 1.08 for BOSCH) and superior environmental efficiency. Thus, solutions with higher initial investment may prove more advantageous when considering the project's life cycle. The research also highlights the need to adapt to each institution's specific characteristics. In public universities, EUAC analysis and tariff scenarios are essential for resource optimization, while in private institutions, the use of MCI allows aligning environmental responsibility with financial returns. It is recommended that the implementation of charging infrastructure be preceded by a detailed analysis of the fleet and usage patterns, proper sizing of electrical infrastructure, prioritization of off-peak charging, and gradual adoption of solutions through pilot projects. The study concludes that integrating the analyzed methodologies provides a solid path for the energy transition in university transportation.