Efetividade de exercícios fisioterapêuticos na dor musculoesquelética crônica de pacientes com Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico

Abstract

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with a multifactorial and not yet fully understood etiology. It is characterized by inflammatory processes resulting from the production of autoantibodies and the accumulation of immune complexes in tissues and organs. Its clinical manifestations vary depending on the affected system; the most commonly involved are the kidneys, nervous system, joints and skin. Pain is a frequent symptom reported by patients with lupus, mainly in the musculoskeletal system, which chronically affects quality of life, daily activities and physical function. This literature review aimed to identify the effectiveness, benefits and best physiotherapeutic exercise programs for chronic musculoskeletal pain in patients with SLE. A search was conducted in the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) database, using the keywords: “systemic lupus erythematosus” and “physiotherapy”, combined by the boolean operator “and”. Of the 223 articles found, eight met the inclusion criteria and were incorporated into this review. The training programs and their effects on pain were analyzed. Physiotherapeutic exercise was shown to be safe and recommended for improving aerobic capacity, fatigue, depression, and physical function. However, results regarding musculoskeletal pain were inconclusive due to a lack of studies, low methodological quality, small sample sizes, and conflicting findings. Further research and clinical trials on this topic are necessary.