O uso de inteligência artificial na gestão de recursos humanos

Abstract

The adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in organizations has increased, becoming a competitive differentiator for financial and managerial success. In human resources (HR) management, AI has demonstrated both benefits and challenges, particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic, which triggered significant shifts in the world of work. Against this backdrop, this study aimed to analyze how AI has been applied in HR management since 2020 through a systematic literature review, utilizing the PRISMA method, a framework widely recognized and accepted in the scientific community. Keyword searches were conducted in the CAPES Journals and Google Scholar databases using the terms: “human resources,” “management,” “artificial intelligence,” and “AI,” as Portuguese-language descriptors yielded no results. Inclusion criteria were: peer-reviewed articles published between 2020 and 2025, in English, and with open access, resulting in a final sample of 24 articles. Results revealed a predominance of Eastern countries in the application of AI to HR, accounting for 54.5% of articles in Recruitment and Selection, 43.75% in Training, Development, and Education, and 50% in Performance and Skills Evaluation. Regarding HR areas implementing AI technologies, the highest prevalence was observed in Recruitment and Selection (32.84%), Training and Development (23.88%), and Performance and Skills Evaluation (17.91%). The benefits were grouped into three categories: (a) Process optimization and standardization (50.94%); (b) Talent and employee management strategies (30.19%); (c) Focus on organizational and market strategy (18.87%). Challenges were identified in three main categories: (a) Ethical compliance and process quality (42.5%); (b) Implementation limitations (35%); (c) Cultural resistance (22.5%). Mapping the most frequently used AI techniques revealed a predominance of Machine Learning Algorithms (44.09%) and Artificial Neural Networks (35.43%). Based on the findings, recommendations are presented for future research and HR professionals, along with the study’s limitations.