Intubação retrógrada em bezerros: Descrição de técnica

Abstract

Ruminants are animals susceptible to aspiration pneumonia during general anesthesia, due to the size of the gastric compartments, in which even fasting occurs, its occurrence is not impossible. Furthermore, muscle relaxation occurs and diaphragmatic variation may occur across the stomach compartments due to decubitus during general anesthesia, promoting an imbalance in the ventilation-perfusion relationship, therefore, tracheal intubation is necessary. However, orotracheal intubation in calves is necessary due to the temporomandibular joint and lingual torus. Retrograde intubation is a technique that can be used in humans when conventional orotracheal intubation is difficult or impossible. New healthy male animals, 2 – 6 months old, 50 – 160 kg, pre-medicated with acepromazine (0.03 mg/kg), IV and meperidine (2 mg/kg), IM, after 30 minutes, induced with midazolam were used. (0.1 mg/kg) and ketamine (1 mg/kg) followed by propofol (5 mg/kg), IV, for two minutes and interrupt with (0.4 mg/kg/min) propofol and ketamine (4 mg /kg). The technique took place after antisepsis of the ventral cervical region of the animal, for an incision following the puncture in the cricoid membrane, with a trocar, inserting a metal guide to direct the endotracheal tube to the trachea. Therefore, the objective was to describe and standardize the retrograde intubation technique in calves, in order to facilitate intubation maneuvers in these animals, promoting. Based on the results obtained, the time (minutes) for intubation was 06:30 ± 0.20 and extubation 10:09 ± 0.23 and no complications were observed. The application of retrograde intubation, in conjunction with the pharmacological protocol used, has not been tested for significant changes in physiological parameters nor in the clinical recovery of calves. In summary, the demonstrated technique was successful in all animals, without adverse impacts on their health.