O uso de malhas compressivas para prevenir distúrbios fibroproliferativos em pessoas queimadas: revisão sistemática

Abstract

Compression garments are used to apply controlled pressure to the skin, helping to prevent and treat hypertrophic scars and keloids in burn survivors. They also protect against infections and assist in skin recovery. This study reviewed the literature on the effectiveness of these garments in managing fibroproliferative disorders postburn, highlighting their benefits and limitations in promoting proper healing. GOAL: To present a comprehensive review of the literature on the use of compression garments as a therapeutic intervention to prevent fibroproliferative disorders in burn survivors. METHODS: A literature review was conducted in Cochrane, PubMed, Scielo, PEDro databases. RESULTS: Compression garments with a pressure of 15 mmHg accelerate the maturation of burn scars by reducing their thickness and erythema, especially in the first month. High pressures are effective but require monitoring due to pressure loss. The combined therapy of silicone and pressure showed benefits in reducing scar thickness but did not demonstrate a clear advantage over the isolated use of garments in preventing hypertrophic scars. Early interventions and regular adjustments in pressure are essential. Clinical trials on compression garments are feasible but may be influenced by team biases. CONCLUSION: The literature review emphasizes the significance of compression garments in treating hypertrophic and keloid scars in burn patients, highlighting their ability to modulate the fibroproliferative response and improve aesthetic and functional outcomes. The success of compression therapy relies on factors such as pressure monitoring, patient adherence, and team training, with adherence influenced by psychosocial aspects. It concludes that enhancing therapeutic approaches and conducting further studies on the biomechanical aspects of compression are necessary to maximize long-term benefits.