Contagem de mastócitos na área de reparo ósseo de animais filhotes de mães diabéticas

Abstract

Mast cells play a crucial role in defending against pathogens and allergens, as well as influencing homeostasis and bone remodeling. In cases of gestational diabetes, there are intrauterine and extrauterine repercussions, such as excessive fetal growth and potential effects on offspring bone health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quantity of mast cells in the bone repair area of offspring generated in a hyperglycemic environment. Male Wistar rat pups were divided into three groups: control (pups from normoglycemic mothers), non-diabetic (pups from mothers who underwent diabetes induction but did not develop diabetes), and diabetic (pups from diabetic mothers). At 60 days of age, the puppies underwent surgery to create a bone defect in their left femurs. The bone repair process was evaluated at 3 and 7 days post surgery. Histological sections were obtained from collected samples and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin for qualitative analysis, Mallory's Trichrome for histomorphometric analysis, and Toluidine Blue for mast cell counting. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism Version 5.00 software, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Mast cell counting revealed a significant variation in values among experimental groups and within each group. Due to the lack of normal data distribution, the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test was used for statistical analysis. A trend towards a reduction in mast cell numbers was observed in the diabetic group over a 3-day period (P = 0.058), suggesting potential biological significance in this group. No statistically significant difference was found between the experimental groups over the 7-day period. These findings suggest a tendency towards reduced mast cell numbers in the bone repair area over 3 days in the diabetic group, possibly associated with a lower percentage of newly formed bone matrix and indicating a harmful effect of maternal hyperglycemia on bone repair in offspring.