Potencial de aplicação de técnicas de mapeamento colaborativo para o registro de sinistros de trânsito

Abstract

The updating of spatial data, especially those intended for mapping the territory, is a task reserved for national mapping agencies. Being an expensive task, it is common that the intervals between campaigns are large. In this context, the collaborative mapping presents itself as an interesting alternative in data collection, and can substantially contribute to the process of spatial analysis of geographic data. Several applications have taken advantage of volunteering in the contribution of information, such as emergency response, large-scale mapping, among others. Thus, this research sought to evaluate the potential application of collaborative mapping techniques for the registration of traffic accidents in the municipality of Uberlândia/MG. The criteria of positional accuracy and attribute completeness were evaluated, represented by the indication of the event in the cartographic base of the city and the possible under-reporting of data records with the official agencies, and an extrinsic quality assessment methodology was proposed for the temporal quality parameter, being represented by the date and time reported in the occurrence. Understanding the potentiality of the use of collaborative mapping in the capture of open spatial data, a study was conducted regarding the availability of this information on free access platforms for the registration and storage of data related to traffic accidents. To this end, a form was developed to record collaborative accident data, which was subsequently subjected to a research instrument content validation process. The results obtained were satisfactory, confirming that the proposal presented is viable. Through the use of this technique, it is expected to refine the mapping of accidents in the city of Uberlândia/MG. This information acquisition can favour the democratic access to this type of content through digital maps and foster the realization of more assertive technical analyses about the traffic behaviour in the municipality, support public policies and prevent new accidents.