A Intersecção entre Fatores Sociocognitivos e Preconceito: Um Estudo sobre Atitudes em Relação a Imigrantes e Diversidade Sexual

Abstract

Minority groups are targets of prejudice stemming from social constructions that reflect the beliefs, values, and attitudes directed toward a group, such as the LGBTQIA+ population and immigrants. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between prejudice against immigrants and sexual and gender diversity and factors such as religiosity, right-wing authoritarianism, and social dominance orientation in Brazil. In this cross-sectional study, 199 participants, aged between 18 and 77 years (M = 34.0; SD = 12.8), responded to six instruments: 1) sociodemographic questionnaire; 2) Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale (reduced version); 3) Social Dominance Orientation Scale (reduced version); 4) Duke Religiosity Index; 5) Revised Scale of Prejudice against Sexual and Gender Diversity; and 6) Attitudes Towards Immigration Scale. The results showed significant correlations between socio-cognitive factors (religiosity, right-wing authoritarianism, and social dominance orientation) and negative attitudes towards immigrants and sexual and gender diversity. Furthermore, it was observed that individuals who described themselves as conservative had higher levels of prejudice against immigrants and the LGBTQIA+ population. These findings expand the understanding of the social and cognitive bases of prejudice in Brazil, showing the need to develop intervention strategies to promote a culture of tolerance and respect for diversity.