Efeito do uso dos canabinoides no tratamento da disfunção temporomandibular: uma revisão sistemática de escopo

Abstract

The aim of this scoping review was to assess the effects of cannabis and its synthetically derived products on temporomandibular disorders (TMD) treatment and explore the potential mechanisms underlying these effects in various TMD nociception models. A bibliographic search was conducted in five databases were conducted for publications up to November 2022. Studies with data from patients/animals undergoing therapeutic approaches using cannabis and its synthetically derived products on TMD treatment were included. Twelve studies (nine pre-clinical studies, two observational studies and one interventional study) were included in the scoping review. The pre clinical studies included in this scoping review demonstrated that cannabinoids compounds are effective in reducing nociceptive behavior in the TMJ and masseter muscle using different animal models. Moreover, all the included studies using formalin induced TMJ nociception reported that cannabinoid agonist-induced antinociception in the TMJ region was mediated by the central activation of CB1 but not CB2 receptors. The observational and interventional studies reported pain reduction, improvement in function and better health quality with cannabis use. Furthermore, the use of cannabis for chronic pain appears to be an effective alternative to the use of opioids and other pain control drugs associated with unwanted side effects. In conclusion, the use of cannabis and its synthetically derived products seems to be effective in reducing nociceptive behavior in TMJ and masseter muscle. However, further clinical and mechanistic studies are necessary to completely investigate the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids compounds in TMD.