As tecnologias computacionais e o ensino de projeto para os primeiros anos do curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo

Abstract

Architecture and Urbanism (AU), over the years, has been changing, precisely, since the middle of the 20th century, with the advancement of computational technologies, as they have enabled a faster creation process, mathematically accurate, reversible and simulative. In the current scenario, UA students are entering graduation with technological knowledge and learning to design together with them. After all, the question is what is the impact of this practice on design training for these students? The research in question had the general objective of investigating the contributions of computational technologies for teaching design in the first years of undergraduate courses in AU through experimental pedagogical activities of teaching design carried out with students from Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) of Uberlândia MG, a project that was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee (CEP) CAAE 57471922.3.0000.5152. For the execution of the research, the abductive scientific method was adopted with a qualitative approach, as it allows the study of a set of facts, the elaboration of questions and explanatory hypotheses and the introduction of a new idea related to the phenomenon in question. It started with a theoretical review on correlated themes in order to problematize the issue and establish a possible theoretical framework for the research. And it was combined with the study to carry out a pedagogical experiment applying switching technologies in a project with a sample of undergraduate students of Architecture and Urbanism. The work is divided into four chapters: the first addresses theoretical views about design processes in UA and how they have historically developed in Brazil; the second reflects on didactic practices within the architecture design studio environment and delimits the project stages that will be studied by the researcher in his experiments; the third addresses how computational technologies can be used in AU; the fourth reports how the project exercises were applied, in 2022, with students from HEIs in Uberlândia. In summary, the research indicates that computational technologies can be inserted in the teaching of AU design already in the first years of the course, provided that it is done in a guided manner by qualified professors and supported with compatible and adequate physical and technological infrastructure. Above all, it is observed that the insertion of computational technologies should not be dissociated from manual drawing practices and physical modeling.