Efeito do secretoma de bactérias isoladas do alimento larval de Frieseomelitta varia em Drosophila melanogaster modelo para doença de Alzheimer

Abstract

The increase in life expectancy brings with it an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases, including dementia. Among the types of dementia, the most common, responsible for more deaths in developed countries and the most prevalent in Brazil is Alzheimer's disease (AD). Known as a neurodegenerative pathology, AD is associated with age and cognitive and neuropsychiatric manifestations, which result in progressive and disabling disability. It accounts for 60-70% of cases of dementia diagnosed in the elderly and the estimated increase is 10 million diagnoses per year. The increase in life expectancy of the world's population is associated with an increase in the number of cases of the disease. The social consequence of this is emotional exhaustion and loss of quality of life for patients and their families. The amyloid cascade hypothesis suggests that the imbalance between the production and elimination of amyloid beta (Aβ) is primarily responsible for a series of events that lead to Alzheimer's Disease and that Aβ clearance is defective in both late-onset and early-onset forms. of the disease. Drosophila melanogaster, popularly known as the fruit fly, for being easy to handle and conserve, low cost and easy to grow in the laboratory, has been a very suitable organism for understanding the events involved in AD. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effect and the inhibitory activity of the secretome of bacteria isolated from the larval food of stingless bee Frieseomelitta varia in a transgenic strain of D. melanogaster, a model for the study of AD. DA model flies of D. melanogaster were treated with various bacterial secretomes for 10 and 15 days after hatching. Flies treated with the S27 and S40 secretome showed improvement in the rate of climbing and the histological analysis of the brain showed a potential action of decreasing neurodegeneration when compared to the negative control and vehicle groups. Therefore, bacterial secretome from larval food of stingless bees has been shown to be a potential source of therapeutic molecules targeting neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. The present work showed the potential of bacterial secretomes to search for bioactive molecules capable of reducing the neurodegeneration process in AD model flies. However, further studies are needed for a definitive correlation.