Comparação da utilização de antibioticoterapia e fotobiomodulação em protocolo pós-operatório em cirurgias de exodontia de terceiros molares. Estudo clínico, controlado e randomizado.

Abstract

This study evaluated different postoperative therapeutic protocols of antibiotic therapy and low-intensity laser photobiomodulation (PBMT) in third molar extraction surgeries. For this, a clinical, controlled and randomized study was conducted, in which 45 patients underwent extraction of the 4 third molars. Patients were allocated into 3 groups according to the type of postoperative care protocol indicated to patients (n=15): CTR: Use of analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs in the postoperative period; ATB7: Use of analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antibiotic (Amoxicillin) for 7 days postoperatively, PBMT: Use of analgesic and anti-inflammatory in the postoperative period, in addition to the application of photobiomodulation with low intensity laser with red light and infrared in 3 sessions for 7 days: 1st session immediately after surgery, 2nd session in the 3-day follow-up and 3rd session in the 7-day follow-up. The analysis of the different postoperative care protocols resulted in clinical analyzes in the periods of 3, 7, 14, 30 and 90 days after the surgical procedure to assess the presence of surgical complications, degree of patient satisfaction and quality of healing. It was observed that patients in the PBMT group had less loss of mouth opening amplitude and noticed less swelling and pain than patients in other groups. PBMT did not interfere in the healing process of bone and soft tissue in sockets after extraction of third molars. There were no differences between patients in the CTR and ATB7 groups in any of the evaluated parameters. PBMT reduced the inflammatory process associated with third molar extractions. The application of amoxicillin did not have positive effects on postoperative care in patients undergoing this surgical procedure.