Associação entre o tipo de parto e amamentação na primeira hora de vida de díades atendidas em um banco de leite humano de um hospital universitário

Abstract

Backgroud: Breastfeeding in the first hour of life, also known as “golden hour”, has advantages for both mother and child. The providing opportunities for skin-to-skin contact and, consequently, enabling breastfeeding in the immediate postpartum period, can have a direct impact on the newborn's chances of survival and increase the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. In terms of the type of delivery, globally, babies who were born via cesarean section were breastfed later than those who were born vaginally, a fact that is worrying for public health, since the last population survey that investigated the rates of vaginal delivery observed numbers below those stipulated as ideals by the WHO. Objectives: Investigate the association between the type of delivery and breastfeeding in the first hour of life, as well as related factors, between dyads attended at a breastfeeding clinic belonging to a human milk bank of a university hospital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and retrospective study, with data from medical records of consultations carried out in a breastfeeding aspirate of the Human Milk Bank of the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia, in the years 2017 and 2018. Among the variables trajectories, the following were selected: type of delivery, age at first breastfeeding, use of supplements, mother's age, place of delivery and gestational age. Results: It was observed that vaginal delivery is a protective factor for breastfeeding in the first hour of life (OR: 19,2; 95% IC: 4,3-85,5; P<0,001). An association was also found between private hospitals and the use of infant formula (OR: 6,8; 95% IC: 1,0-45,4; p<0,05). No association was found between gestational age and place of delivery for the main outcome (OR: 95% IC: p>0,05). Conclusion: The type of delivery is strongly associated with breastfeeding in the first hour, which is considered a health protective factor for both the mother and the baby. It is fundamental that more studies be conducted on the subject and factors related to its prevalence, in order to investigate what determines its occurrence.