Diversidade de aranhas (ordem: araneae) edáficas encontradas em diferentes usos e manejo do solo no cerrado

Abstract

The Cerrado is a Biodiversity Hotspot, but its vegetation has been suffering many anthropic actions that result in a great modification of its vegetation cover, mainly with the implantation of pastures, crops and forestry. The fauna of regions that suffered anthropic actions is commonly affected, and spiders are good indicators for modified environments, both positively and negatively. The objective of this work is to compare the composition of edaphic spiders and their abundance in different land uses (natural and anthropogenic) found in the Cerrado. Collections took place in March 2020 in five different areas, two within the “Estação Ecológica do Panga” (Cerrado sensu stricto and Mata mesófila) and three nearby areas (pasture, corn plantation and Eucalyptus forestry). In each sampled area, a transect with pitfall traps was used, the collected content was sorted and later identified, using them as an operational taxonomic unit for statistical analyses. A total of 81 individuals were collected, distributed in 17 species belonging to 13 families of six different guilds. The Cerrado environment showed a significant variation in richness, compared to the other land uses. In relation to abundance, the Cerrado narrow sense presents significant variation in relation to the other areas. Areas with native vegetation tend to have greater richness and abundance of spiders. Crops and forestry had the lowest rates in both aspects. The similarity of the composition of spiders between the areas revealed that the natural regions presented greater similarity between them in relation to the anthropized areas.