Análise do consumo alimentar e qualidade da dieta de pacientes com câncer colorretal após colostomia: um estudo prospectivo

Abstract

Introduction: Colorectal cancer worldwide has been one of the main incidences of types of cancer, and can be treated with intestinal resection and colostomy insertion. Changes are more than physiological, they can reflect changes food. In the literature, rarely there are studies that address the impact of food consumption in colostomized patients due to CRC. Objective: To analyze in food consumption of patients with colorectal cancer after colostomy in three stages. Methods: A prospective study was carried out with 46 patients, between august of 2017 and may of 2019, at three times (T0-recent colostomy, T1 3 months and T2 6 months after T0). Estimated food consumption using 24-hour dietary recall. Were estimated the consumption of macro and micronutrients, the Revised Diet Quality Index and consumption by level of processing (NOVA classification) were estimated. Generalized Estimating Equations were used to estimate the compare of T0 to T2 times and as food consumption variables. Results: There were 46 patients, 52.2% were women, 63.1% were elderly. It was observed in the average consumption of energy kcal and kcal) (p=0,001), lipids (p=0,019) and sodium (p=0,001). According to the diet quality, there was a reduction in the component total quality index, with T0 with a total score of 73.08±2.96 and T2 with 66.26±3.89 (p=0.022), in addition to a reduction in the consumption of total fruits in T0-T2 (p=0.001) and integrals in T0-T2 and an increase in consumption in T0-T2 (p=0.001). Considering NOVA, there was a reduction in the consumption of fresh foods at T0-T1 (p=0.001) and an high in ultra-processed foods at T0-T1 (p=0.015). Conclusion: After 3 and/or 6 months of colostomy, patients with CRC high the consumption of ultra-processed foods and poor the quality of their diet. Therefore, nutritional monitoring of this population is essential in order to prevent worse outcomes.