Avaliação da taxa de mortalidade ajustada (TMA) por câncer de mama e taxa de rastreamento mamográfico (TRM) em Minas Gerais

Abstract

Breast cancer is a global public health problem, its incidence is increasing every year, consequently increasing the number of deaths. It is known that early detection of breast cancer can significantly reduce the rate of mortality from the disease, with mammography being the standard test for early detection. The Ministry of Health recommends carrying out a mammographic screening program in asymptomatic women, in addition to establishing care coverage parameters within the SUS, to reduce inequality of access. Studies show problems in the distribution of mammography equipment in Brazil. In MG, some health microregions have 100% of their municipalities without access to mammographic diagnosis services. Assessing the Adjusted Mortality Rate (AMR) in municipalities affected by inequality of access is extremely important, and it is possible to help reorganize the distribution of mammography devices in the state, ensuring that the entire population has access to an early diagnosis of breast cancer. The main objective of the work is to quantify the TMA for breast cancer in women in the municipalities and macro-regions of the state of MG, so that the influence of the lack of access to mammography services with TMA can be evaluated, also considering a brief analysis of the Mammographic Tracking Rate (MRT) in the micro and macro health regions of the state. A TMA of 15.72 deaths was identified in the state of MG. Furthermore, it was observed that of the 13 health macro-regions, 4 had a TMA higher than the TMA of MG and 7 macro-regions had a TMA above the Brazilian average. In addition, it was observed that the health macro-regions North, Northeast, Northwest, Triângulo do Norte, Triângulo do Sul and Jequitinhonha are the macro-regions that have the smallest number of municipalities with TMA, being also the macro-regions with the smallest number of mammography devices. The health macro-regions Center, West, Center South, Southeast, East and East of the South, which have large amounts of equipment, were the ones with the most municipalities with TMA. The macro-regions with the lowest TMA were the South, North Triangle, East of the South, Jequitinhonha, Northeast and North, consequently, were the ones with the highest TRM.