Proposição e implementação de arranjo fotovoltaico em escala reduzida para estudos laboratoriais de qualidade da energia elétrica

Abstract

This work is part of the great theme of the Power Quality in the context of photovoltaic power generation. The generation of photovoltaic energy shows, nowadays, as one of the most promising technologies to meet the growth of the world energy demands at the same time as the commitment to environmental issues, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions and producing clean and renewable energy. In several countries of the world, as well as in Brazil, photovoltaic power generation systems emerge as major actors in the electric sector and already reach high levels of participation in power generation, despite their recent emergence on a large scale. Due to its intrinsic characteristics, a photovoltaic generation system can cause disturbances linked to the Power Quality. The generation of photovoltaic energy takes place by means of voltage in direct current, needing, therefore, an electronic converter for its due coupling to the electrical network, which is closely related to the generation of harmonic currents. In addition, generation intermittence, together with the high degree of insertion in the network, begins to cause other previously neglected disturbances, such as overvoltage. Therefore, the present work aims to propose and implement a reduced scale photovoltaic arrangement in the laboratory with connection to the electrical network, in order to serve as a platform of studies of phenomena of Power Quality in the scope of photovoltaic generation systems connected to the network. For this, we have the proposition of a topology, use of components, use of control techniques and MPPT. In addition, the arrangement proposed and mounted on a laboratory bench is tested, and its functioning is duly evaluated.