Efeitos de um programa de autocuidado e exercícios fisioterapêuticos para indivíduos diabéticos tipo 2 assistidos na Atenção Primária à Saúde

Abstract

The care of diabetic individuals in primary health care must rely on health education actions to prevent diseases and promote a better quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a self-care program and physical therapy exercises on health status, functional mobility, dermatological and circulatory aspects of diabetic individuals assisted in primary care. This is an experimental, quantitative, descriptive study. Conducted with a partial sample of 56 volunteers, chosen at random. The evaluated individuals were followed up for 10 weeks after delivery of the guidance booklet, and evaluated in the first and tenth weeks. They were evaluated using the Evaluation Form and WHODAS 2.0. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CEP) of the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), under protocol number 94868318.5.0000.5152. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics of the data with means and SD were performed, in addition to the Wilcoxon test to compare the means before and after the intervention. Significance was set at p <0.05. The sample had an average of 66.7 years and was composed equally by the feminine and masculine genders. Regarding education, 55.5% studied from 0 to 5 years, 64.3% were married and 75% of the sample were retired. All subjects were independent in the community. The Self-Care and Physiotherapy Exercises Program contributed to the improvement of dermatological changes such as: ulcers, cracks, improper cut and ingrown nails. In addition, it promoted improvements in circulatory changes, functional mobility, health status and self-care in type 2 Diabetic individuals seen in Primary Health Care.