Os vazios urbanos em Uberaba/MG e as políticas de uso e ocupação do solo

Abstract

This work aims to analyse urban empty spaces characteristics in the current urban perimeter of Uberaba/MG city, and make a correlation with the implemented public politics, understanding the territorial dynamics and using statutes, city master plan, decrees and laws as reference, as well the city zoning plan. Uberaba is a city located at Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba regions, and even having na attractive city of Uberlândia as adjacente city, stands out for its role of the region sub-center, generating great influence in nearby cities, being population attraction due to its importance in the areas of education, health and biotechnology. In the last decades, Uberaba has been showing notable changes in its landscape, motivated by the automobiles popularization, promoting increasingly distant relationships, by the marketing processes of large industries, by the owners of rural areas and by the strong performance of the real estate market, that allows us to highlight the presence of new subdivisions and closed condominiums for diversified incomes, in the city peripheral area. This type of territorial organization presents an urban disorder in which the free areas become disconnected from the urban mesh and creates the evidence of voids presence in the urban perimeter, consequently, brings several problems to the city. Faced this problem, this investigation seeks to study the processes of urban voids creation in Uberaba and their positive and negative consequences for the city, presenting concrete data that can support the updating of the laws and forecasts of the Master Plan. This research is characterized as qualitative and quantitative, and it was based on the analysis of Uberaba / MG, from the Arruda (2016) methodology, based on the maps of the Planning and Management and also Urban Macrozoning Unit of the city, provided by the Uberaba Municipality. From the analysis of the six macrozones, the maps for identifying the voids, their classifications and quantifications were developed. It was defined as a minimum area value of 10,000 m² / ha to consider urban void, reaching the result of the dimension of these voids. When considering the urban area of Uberaba (13,068 ha) and the total void area located within that area (3,912.85 ha), the conclusion is that 29.94% of the total urbanized area is empty, that is, about 30% the city of Uberaba fits into it again, with 55.13% of that amount available for occupation. These data reveals the need actions by civil society and the municipality in the application of public policy instruments to reverse the current scenario and meet collective interests.