Estudo da substituição de agregador miúdos por resíduo de borracha de pneu, poliestireno expandido e casca de soja em argamassa geopolimérica à base de metacaulim

Abstract

The development of new construction processes encourages researchers and companies to invest in new engineering materials that satisfy the sector, which contributes to the search for sustainable alternatives, at a cost compatible with those conventionally used materials. Thus, the geopolymer is studied as an ecologically viable alternative to replace the cement matrix, since the environmental impact of Portland cement production is very high. In addition, the use of plant production waste or recyclable materials as a substitute for natural aggregates conceives a relevant action from the point of view of sustainability. The present work studies the behavior of a new material, with the metacaolin used as a source of aluminosilicate in a geopolymeric matrix, associated with an activating solution composed by the combination of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. Soy husks, tire rubber from retreading process, recycled and crushed expanded polystyrene (EPS) were incorporated as a substitute for fine aggregates in different percentages, being analyzed the change in compressive strength, water absorption, voids ratio and dry specific mass samples. The results of the partial replacement of the aggregate by rubber were the ones that came closest to the reference trait. The contents of substitution by EPS and soy husks showed a sharp drop in compressive strength, however the low specific mass makes these materials interesting, as they can be used as light materials, without resistance demand and that do not add load to the structure.